Computer Engineering Blog

Architecture of IoT There is no single consensus on architecture for IoT, which is agreed universally. Different architectures have been proposed by different researchers. Three- and Five-Layer Architectures Figure 1:  Architecture of IoT (A: three layers) (B: five layers). The most basic architecture is a three-layer architecture [ 3 – 5 ] as shown in Figure  1 . It was introduced in the early stages of research in this area. It has three layers, namely, the perception, network, and application layers. (i) The  perception layer  is the physical layer, which has sensors for sensing and gathering information about the environment. It senses some physical parameters or identifies other smart objects in the environment. (ii) The  network layer  is responsible for connecting to other smart things, network devices, and servers. Its features are also used for transmitting and processing sensor data. (iii) The  application layer  is responsib...

IOT (Internet of things) The  Internet of Things  ( IoT ) is the network of physical devices, vehicles, home appliances, and other items embedded with  electronics ,  software ,  sensors ,  actuators , and  connectivity  which enables these things to connect and exchange  data  creating opportunities for more direct integration of the physical world into computer-based systems, resulting in efficiency improvements, economic benefits, and reduced human exertions. The number of IoT devices increased 31% year-over-year to 8.4 billion in the year 2017 [9]  and it is estimated that there will be 30 billion devices by 2020. [10]  The global market value of IoT is projected to reach $7.1 trillion by 2020 IoT involves extending Internet connectivity beyond standard devices, such as desktops, laptops, smartphones and tablets, to any range of traditionally  dumb  or non-internet-enabled physical devices and everyday obje...